Funda esi’Shwankathelo Sesigqeba

Njengokongeza okubalulekileyo kuphando lwangoku malunga nokuziphatha kunye nobuchwepheshe bedijithali, eli phepha lijolise ekuxoxeni ngokuziphatha kubugcisa bedijithali. Ngaphambili, amagcisa ayehamba phambili ekusebenziseni itekhnoloji entsha, kwaye ubugcisa bedijithali buyi

guqule ngokupheleleyo indlela ihlabathi lobugcisa elisebenza ngayo. Itekhnoloji yedijithali ayiphelelanga nje ekutshintsheni indlela ubugcisa obuveliswa ngayo kwaye busasazwe ngayo, koko itshintshe ngokupheleleyo kwanto kwelicandelo lobugcisa nokuyila, iphinde yatshintsha iingxaki zokuziphatha ezijongene namagcisa kwelixesha. Itekhnoloji yedijithali ibonelela amashishini oyilo uluhlu olwahlukileyo lwamathuba okuqamba, ukusuka kwiindlela zobugcisa ezibuntsomirha ezifana nobugcisa be- multimedia (ndaba ngobuninzi) kunye nobugcisa bevidiyo, ukuya kutshintsho lweendlela zobugcisa eziqhelekileyo. Ukuphonononga iimveliso zenkcubeko kunye nobugcisa kwi-digital sphere kunceda ukucacisa ukubaluleka kunye nokusebenziseka kule ndibanisela yanamhlanje okanye kule mihla ngokubonisa umanyano oluyimbumba kubugcisa bemveli kunye nobedijithali. Ukudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kuyilo lwemveliso yenkcubeko kunye nokuyila kuphawula impumelelo kwizinto ezintsha kunye nokuqhubela phambili kumajelo eendaba njengeyona ndlela iphambili yoyilo kwixesha ledijithali. Nangona iligcuntswana elikhethekileyo elithe lakwazi ukufikelela kwitekhnoloji yedijithali, i-Fourth Industrial Revolution (utshintsho olukhulu lorhwebo lwesine) ibone itekhnoloji yedijithali ihamba phambili kwishishini lokudala, kwaye abantu bazo zonke iintlanga ngoku banokufikelela kwi-tekhnoloji yedijithali.

Impembelelo yobugcisa bedijithali kwii-paradigms (nguqulelo) zenkcubeko inamacala amaninzi, njengoko kungqinwa yiwebhu entsonkothileyo yeenkqubo ezisesikolweni, kunye nobugcisa bedijithali budibene neengxelo zenkcubeko. Ubugcisa bedijithali bunamandla okuguqula, ukubamba kunye nokutolika amabali enkcubeko ngokusebenzisa imidiya yedijithali. Amagcisa anolwazi ngedijithali zalemihla anesakhono sokudidiyela iintetho zedijithali zale mihla kunye neengxelo zenkcubeko zemveli ngokwenjenjalo kuqwalaselwa ilifa lenkcubeko, ubuthina, kunye neengxoxo ngentlalo (Candy,2007).

UMzantsi Afrika (SA) uqhayisa ngobume obuguquguqukayo bobugcisa bedijithali kunye nesicwangciso-qhinga esineenkalo ezininzi esidibanisa imiba yezentlalo noqoqosho, okusingqongileyo kunye nenkqubo esesikweni ekuqulunqweni kwembonakalo yobugcisa. IsiCwangciso-qhinga seSizwe seDijithali neZakhono, zexesha elizayo simisela uthotho olucwangcisiweyo lwamanyathelo ajoliswe ekuncedeni abemi boMzantsi Afrika bahlangabezane nemingeni evela ekwandeni kokusasazwa kunye nokwamkelwa kobuchwepheshe beDijithali kuqoqosho nakuluntu (iSebe lezoNxibelelwano nobuChwepheshe beDijithali, ngowama-2020).

Kunyanzelekile ukuba uMzantsi Afrika wamkele ukuzazi kwawo okwahlukileyo kwezenkcubeko nobugcisa, ngelixa ngaxeshanye ukwamkela iimbono zehlabathi njengoko uhlengahlengisa kwixesha ledijithali. Ngokwenza oku, uMzantsi Afrika unokuzibeka phambili njengenkokheli kunxibelelwano lwezobugcisa, ubuchwepheshe kunye nefuthe loluntu ukongeza ekuphembeleleni indawo yawo kwezo kuyila nokuba negalelo kwiingxoxo zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nophuhliso kwicandelo lobugcisa bedijithali.

UMzantsi Afrika usenokubumba amabali akwizinga lehlabathi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ekuziphatheni kunye nakokugcinakalayo kubugcisa kunye nobunjani bobugcisa njengoko uhambela phambili kwindawo yobugcisa bedijithali.

Nangona ubugcisa bedijthali bukhula eMzantsi Afrika kusekho imiba ebalulekileyo ekufuneka isonjululwe ukuba eli candelo lizakukhula lifikelele kwizinga eliphezulu. Ngokuqaphela, nokusombulula okuza nale miba, umzi wamagcisa edijithali unokuzabalazela ikamva eliphembelela kuzinzo kwaye liquka wonke ubani okwelicandelo. Ukubaluleka kokulungisa imilinganiselo yokufikeleleka kubuchwepheshe bedijithali kuye kwacaciswa kukutshintsha kwemeko yobugcisa bedijithali eMzantsi Afrika.

Imfuno engxamisekileyo yokuvala umsantsa kwidijithali ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani unethuba lokusebenzisa kunye nokuxhamla kubugcisa bedijithali ibhentsiswe bubunzima bokufikelela kwi-intanethi kunye nezixhobo zedijithali ngakumbi ngexesha lobhubhani we-COVID-19.

Imeko yentlalo-qoqosho yaseMzantsi Afrika ayikwazi ukungasiwa so. Emaphandleni ukunqongophala kolwazi lokufunda nokubala, iziseko zophuhliso ezingekho mgangathweni kunye nentlupheko kwenza kubenzima ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali. Kunyanzelekile ukuba lemiba isonjululwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isizwe sonke sinokuxhamla kubugcisa bedijithali. Ngokwenza njalo uMzantsi Afrika ungawaphakamisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla enguqu kubugcisa bedijithali ukukhuthaza ukubandakanyeka kunye nokuxhotyiswa kwamagcisa, ngokwenjenjalo udiliza iimida yeyantlukwano, ususe nemiqobo ngaxeshanye useka indawo yobugcisa enobulungisa.